Design thinking

Design thinking has evolved as a powerful tool in the arsenal of businesses, educators, and innovators globally. This approach to problem-solving is deeply rooted in a human-centered design (HCD) framework, which emphasizes understanding and addressing the needs, desires, and limitations of end-users. I recently attached a Masterclass on this topic, which provided an in-depth exploration of this framework, underscoring its significance in creating impactful, sustainable solutions.

In this blog post, we delve into the lessons learned from the design thinking framework, with a particular focus on its principles, process, and practical applications.

The Evolution of Human-Centered Design

Human-centered design is not a novel concept but has undergone significant evolution over the decades. Initially rooted in the early 20th century during the Industrial Revolution and later refined through the cognitive revolution of the 1960s, HCD has grown to encompass much more than ergonomics and usability. The rise of personal computing in the 1970s to 1990s and the subsequent proliferation of the internet brought usability to the forefront, emphasizing the need for user-friendly interfaces.

The early 2000s marked the mainstream adoption of design thinking, thanks to pioneering work by IDEO, which expanded HCD beyond digital applications to business and organizational strategy. Today, inclusive design has become a key focus, acknowledging the diverse needs and contexts of users globally .

Why Adopt Human-Centered Design?

The importance of adopting an HCD approach lies in its ability to create solutions that are tailored to human needs, cultures, and societies. As highlighted in the Masterclass, HCD is not just about solving problems but solving the right problems. This requires a deep understanding of the interconnectedness of human experiences and the environments they inhabit. The approach encourages collaboration across multidisciplinary teams, ensuring that solutions are viable, feasible, and desirable.

One striking statistic shared during the session was that companies integrating design thinking into their corporate strategy can outperform industry peers by as much as 228%. Furthermore, 71% of companies reported that design thinking improved their working culture, highlighting its impact on both productivity and employee engagement .

The Double Diamond Framework

At the heart of the design thinking process is the Double Diamond framework, a visual representation of the iterative process of exploration and refinement. The framework is divided into four phases: Discover, Define, Develop, and Deliver, each representing a different stage in the design journey.

1. Discover (Divergent Thinking): This phase is about understanding the problem space. Through various research techniques, designers empathize with end-users to gain insights into their needs and challenges. This is where the breadth of the problem is explored without the constraints of predefined solutions.

2. Define (Convergent Thinking): Here, the focus shifts from understanding to clarity. The insights gathered in the Discover phase are synthesized to define the core problem. This stage is critical as it sets the direction for the subsequent phases, ensuring that the problem addressed is both significant and solvable.

3. Develop (Divergent Thinking): With a well-defined problem, the team then moves into ideation, exploring a wide range of potential solutions. This phase encourages creativity and experimentation, with the aim of identifying innovative approaches that might not be immediately obvious.

4. Deliver (Convergent Thinking): The final phase involves refining and implementing the solutions. Prototypes are developed, tested, and iterated upon until a viable, feasible, and desirable solution is ready for launch .

Techniques and Tools in HCD

The Masterclass also shed light on various techniques that can be employed at different stages of the design thinking process. Some of these include:

• Empathy Mapping: A tool used to gain a deep understanding of users by exploring their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

• Journey Mapping: This technique helps visualize the user’s experience across different touchpoints, identifying pain points and opportunities for improvement.

• Rapid Prototyping: A method for quickly building and testing ideas to gather feedback and iterate on designs.

• User Interviews: Structured conversations that provide insights into user needs and preferences, often used in the Discover phase .

The Power of Problem Exploration

A key takeaway from the Masterclass was the distinction between problem explorers and problem solvers. While both mindsets are valuable, the framework places a strong emphasis on problem exploration before jumping into solution mode. This approach ensures that the solutions developed are not only innovative but also deeply rooted in the actual needs of the users.

Anecdotes shared during the session highlighted common pitfalls, such as “designer myopia,” where solutions are created that impress peers but fail to meet user and business goals. This serves as a reminder of the importance of maintaining a user-centric focus throughout the design process .

Conclusion

The design thinking framework, with its emphasis on human-centered design, offers a powerful approach to solving complex problems in a way that is both innovative and impactful. By following the structured yet flexible process of the Double Diamond framework, teams can navigate the uncertainty of problem spaces, explore diverse solutions, and deliver outcomes that are not only feasible and viable but also deeply resonate with the users they are designed for. The lessons from the UNSW HCD Masterclass serve as a valuable guide for anyone looking to harness the power of design thinking in their work, ensuring that solutions are both meaningful and sustainable.